People taking low doses of aspirin to protect their heart may be at risk for stomach bleeding, and those taking both aspirin and other common drugs may have an even higher bleeding risk, according to a new study.
The authors calculated that if 1,000 people not taking either aspirin or clopidogrel, marketed as Plavix, instead took both drugs, an extra one to three of them would have stomach bleeding every year, according to the study, which is published in the journal Circulation.
According to the authors' estimates, over the same period, somewhere between 5 and 10 people in 1,000 in the general population will have stomach bleeding.
Dr. Colin Baigent, a researcher from the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom who was not involved with the new study, said that the findings were not a surprise, and "seem to be consistent with the evidence."
Aspirin has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke by preventing blood clots from forming. Guidelines say that people who have had a recent heart attack should take 75 to 325 milligrams of aspirin daily for up to a year afterward, and many others who are at risk for heart disease also take the drug regularly.
However, there is also some evidence showing that aspirin and Plavix may increase the risk of having bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract - the stomach and the first part of the small intestine.
To determine how aspirin, Plavix, and a range of other medications might affect bleeding risks, Dr. Luis Rodríguez of the Spanish Center for Pharmacoepidemiological Research in Madrid and his colleagues analyzed a database of primary care patients in the UK. The database included all cases of stomach bleeding between 2000 and 2007 - a total of 2,049 people age 40 to 84.
Then, they found 20,000 people that were similar to that group based on age and gender, but who had not had a stomach bleed during that time. The researchers compared records of these two groups to find out what medications individuals were currently taking and what they had been prescribed over the past year.
Of all patients who had a stomach bleed, 31 percent were taking low-dose aspirin at the time of the bleed, compared to 19 percent of people in the comparison group who did not have a stomach bleed.
The results showed that people taking any daily dose of aspirin were at almost twice the risk of having stomach bleeding than people not taking aspirin. People taking both aspirin and Plavix were three to four times more likely to have a stomach bleed than those taking neither drug.
Patients who were taking aspirin in addition to a range of other drugs, including anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and anticoagulants such as warfarin (Coumadin), had a higher bleeding risk than those taking just aspirin.
Despite these risks, Rodríguez said that aspirin is an important drug for people who have already had a heart attack and are trying to prevent a second.
"For most of these patients who are on aspirin, if the aspirin is for secondary prevention, basically the risk that is conferred by these drugs is never so high as to negate the benefits," he told Reuters Health.
For people who have never had a heart attack, that might not be the case, he said - especially when aspirin is combined with other medications that further increase the risk of stomach bleeding.
According to Baigent, "full compliance with aspirin (recommendations) will probably double the risk of major bleeding, and most of the major bleeding that occurs is attributed to gastrointestinal bleeding."
One way that doctors can address the risk of stomach bleeding in their patients who are taking aspirin, Rodríguez said, is by also prescribing a kind of drug called proton pump inhibitors, or PPIs, which have shown to cut down on some of that risk.
Thursday, March 31, 2011
Health - How to Prevent Malaria
Malaria can affect all people, both men and women in all age groups from infants, children and adults. When this disease, the patient may experience coma, multiple organ failure, even death. In fact, it could have been prevented with simple and inexpensive manner.
So far there are the safest way to avoid malaria.
First, avoid or reduce mosquito bites by sleeping in insecticide treated bed nets, is inside the house at night, smearing the body with anti-mosquito bites, use mosquito coil or spray with mosquito repellent. Do not forget to install wire netting on the windows or ventilation, he said.
Second, clean up places where mosquitoes rest and perch or nest eradicate mosquitoes by cleaning up the grass and bushes on the banks of the channel, folded fabric that was hanging, seek a state in the house there is no dark and damp place by installing glass tiles and glass opening. Another way is, clean up the bushes around the house, drain the pool of water, and piled with soil or sand all stagnant water around the house.
Another preventive way is, to kill adult mosquitoes by spraying homes with insecticide, to kill mosquito larva-eating fish larvae in sowing. "In addition, kill mosquito larvae with anti-drug spraying or mosquito larvae in stagnant water.
So far there are the safest way to avoid malaria.
First, avoid or reduce mosquito bites by sleeping in insecticide treated bed nets, is inside the house at night, smearing the body with anti-mosquito bites, use mosquito coil or spray with mosquito repellent. Do not forget to install wire netting on the windows or ventilation, he said.
Second, clean up places where mosquitoes rest and perch or nest eradicate mosquitoes by cleaning up the grass and bushes on the banks of the channel, folded fabric that was hanging, seek a state in the house there is no dark and damp place by installing glass tiles and glass opening. Another way is, clean up the bushes around the house, drain the pool of water, and piled with soil or sand all stagnant water around the house.
Another preventive way is, to kill adult mosquitoes by spraying homes with insecticide, to kill mosquito larva-eating fish larvae in sowing. "In addition, kill mosquito larvae with anti-drug spraying or mosquito larvae in stagnant water.
Wednesday, March 30, 2011
Health - Evidence ties smoking to throat, stomach cancer
Smokers face an increased risk of certain types of throat and stomach cancers, even years after they quit, a new study finds.
Combining the results of 33 past studies, Italian researchers found that current smokers were more than twice as likely as nonsmokers to develop cancer, either in their esophagus or in a part of the stomach called the gastric cardia.
In some of the studies, the risk of esophagus cancer remained high even when people had quit smoking three decades earlier.
The two cancers, both known as adenocarcinomas, are relatively uncommon in Western countries. Rates elsewhere are much higher, especially in less developed countries. But in recent decades, rates of the cancers have been rising in the U.S. and Europe -- possibly related to growing rates of obesity.
Smoking has long been considered a risk factor for the two cancers.
But these latest findings offer a "better quantification" of the risks, said senior researcher Dr. Eva Negri, of the "Mario Negri" Institute of Pharmacological Research in Milan.
What's more, they suggest that the risks remain higher than average for some time after smokers quit.
"Stopping smoking is highly beneficial at any age, but it appears that for these cancers the risk decreases only slowly," Negri told Reuters Health in an email.
For their study, published in the journal Epidemiology, Negri and her colleagues pooled the results of 33 previous studies. In most of them, researchers had compared a relatively small group of patients with either esophagus or gastric cardia tumors against a cancer-free group. In three studies, researchers had followed large groups of adults over time, charting any new cases of esophageal or gastric cardia cancers.
Overall, Negri's team found, current smokers had more than double the odds of developing either of the cancers, compared to people who had never smoked.
And while that risk declined after people stopped smoking, it was still 62 percent higher in former smokers than in lifelong non-smokers. In some studies, the extra risk of esophagus cancer persisted up to 30 years after people had quit.
Since both esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas are fairly uncommon in the West, the absolute risks to any one smoker may be low.
According to the American Cancer Society, the average American has a one in 200 chance of developing any type of esophageal cancer over a lifetime, and a one in 114 risk of developing some form of stomach cancer.
By comparison, the odds of developing lung cancer are about one in 13 for men, and one in 16 for women -- counting both smokers and non-smokers. Smokers would be at much greater risk than lifelong non-smokers.
Lung cancer, heart disease and other ills are "numerically more important" than esophageal and gastric cardia cancers when it comes to the health consequences of smoking, Negri noted.
The types of studies that were available for her team to analyze can't prove that smoking causes adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastric cardia. To do that, researchers would have to purposely expose some people to years of tobacco smoke and see what happens to them over time - and ethical reasons make a study like that impossible.
Still, Negri and her colleagues say, the risks seen in the current study offer smokers one more reason to quit -- and non-smokers one more reason to never start.
Combining the results of 33 past studies, Italian researchers found that current smokers were more than twice as likely as nonsmokers to develop cancer, either in their esophagus or in a part of the stomach called the gastric cardia.
In some of the studies, the risk of esophagus cancer remained high even when people had quit smoking three decades earlier.
The two cancers, both known as adenocarcinomas, are relatively uncommon in Western countries. Rates elsewhere are much higher, especially in less developed countries. But in recent decades, rates of the cancers have been rising in the U.S. and Europe -- possibly related to growing rates of obesity.
Smoking has long been considered a risk factor for the two cancers.
But these latest findings offer a "better quantification" of the risks, said senior researcher Dr. Eva Negri, of the "Mario Negri" Institute of Pharmacological Research in Milan.
What's more, they suggest that the risks remain higher than average for some time after smokers quit.
"Stopping smoking is highly beneficial at any age, but it appears that for these cancers the risk decreases only slowly," Negri told Reuters Health in an email.
For their study, published in the journal Epidemiology, Negri and her colleagues pooled the results of 33 previous studies. In most of them, researchers had compared a relatively small group of patients with either esophagus or gastric cardia tumors against a cancer-free group. In three studies, researchers had followed large groups of adults over time, charting any new cases of esophageal or gastric cardia cancers.
Overall, Negri's team found, current smokers had more than double the odds of developing either of the cancers, compared to people who had never smoked.
And while that risk declined after people stopped smoking, it was still 62 percent higher in former smokers than in lifelong non-smokers. In some studies, the extra risk of esophagus cancer persisted up to 30 years after people had quit.
Since both esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas are fairly uncommon in the West, the absolute risks to any one smoker may be low.
According to the American Cancer Society, the average American has a one in 200 chance of developing any type of esophageal cancer over a lifetime, and a one in 114 risk of developing some form of stomach cancer.
By comparison, the odds of developing lung cancer are about one in 13 for men, and one in 16 for women -- counting both smokers and non-smokers. Smokers would be at much greater risk than lifelong non-smokers.
Lung cancer, heart disease and other ills are "numerically more important" than esophageal and gastric cardia cancers when it comes to the health consequences of smoking, Negri noted.
The types of studies that were available for her team to analyze can't prove that smoking causes adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastric cardia. To do that, researchers would have to purposely expose some people to years of tobacco smoke and see what happens to them over time - and ethical reasons make a study like that impossible.
Still, Negri and her colleagues say, the risks seen in the current study offer smokers one more reason to quit -- and non-smokers one more reason to never start.
Health - Take an Antibiotic Properly
It's important to take an antibiotic exactly as prescribed and to finish the entire prescription, experts say. To help prevent harmful bacteria from becoming resistant to your antibiotic, don't stop taking the medication just because you feel better.
Guidelines to help you take an antibiotic properly:
- Finish your prescription without missing any dose -- even if you stop feeling sick. Don't stop taking it because you want to save some of the medication for a future illness.
- Only stop taking the antibiotic if your doctor tells you to do so.
- Avoid sharing your antibiotic with anyone else.
Health - Analysis Confirms Diabetes Drug May Harm the Heart
A new analysis confirms that those who take the diabetes drug Avandia are more likely to develop heart problems and die than those who take a similar type of diabetes medication.
"The effect on public health may be considerable," the analysis authors wrote.
Avandia (rosiglitazone) helps control blood sugar levels in the body, and is prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes. Studies in recent years have differed about whether it boosts the risk of heart disease and death.
In response to growing concerns over the drug's cardiovascular effects, U.S. health officials in September restricted the use of Avandia to patients with type 2 diabetes who cannot control their disease on other medications.
In the new analysis, researchers looked at the results of 16 studies that involved 810,000 users of Avandia or Actos (pioglitazone), a similar diabetes medication. The findings appear online March 17 in the BMJ.
The researchers found a "modest but statistically significant increase" in the odds of certain heart conditions in those who took Avandia. The risk of heart attack rose by 16 percent and increased 23 percent for congestive heart failure. Overall, mortality rates rose 14 percent.
Avandia is a common drug, with about 3.8 million prescriptions a year in the United States.
The analysis authors cautioned that Actos carries its own risks. Like Avandia, it's been linked to a doubling of risk of fracture in women. And researchers worry that it may slightly boost the risk of bladder cancer.
"Patients should review this study with their physician to gain a better understanding of how their personal circumstances may or may not be reflected in the study, and talk to their physicians about the risks versus the benefit of taking the drug," said Dr. Debra Wertz, outcomes research manager for HealthCore Inc., the research subsidiary of the insurance company WellPoint.
Wertz co-authored a 2010 study that found no significant differences in risk of heart attack, heart failure or death in patients who took the two drugs.
"One thing to consider is that the HealthCore study evaluated a population that is commercially insured and potentially younger [most were under 65] and healthier" than the studies analyzed in the meta-analysis, Wertz noted.
Health - Teen Girls Who Befriend Boys at Higher Risk for Substance Abuse
Girls in early adolescence who form friendships with boys are at increased risk for substance abuse problems, according to a new research.
The study included 400 female and male participants, ages 12 to 18, in Canada who were interviewed annually over seven years about their friendship network and use of alcohol and drugs.
In childhood, boys and girls tend to limit their friendships to same-sex peers. But this begins to change around early adolescence. This study found that girls tend to make the change to mixed-gender friendships earlier than boys, and continue this transition at a more rapid pace through adolescence.
The researchers also found that girls who did move to mixed-gender friendships early and quickly are more likely to develop substance abuse problems during late adolescence.
Antisocial behavior and early physical maturity accelerated the increase in girls' numbers of male friends, who tended to be older and who didn't go to the same school. This may be because older boys provide younger girls with a way of obtaining alcohol, said the researchers.
They said their findings suggest that parents may want to more closely monitor their daughters' friendships, especially with older boys.
The study appears in the Journal of Research on Adolescence.
"Peer relationships are considered to be one of the main risk factors for substance use. However, for boys, the formation of other-sex friendships is not associated with later substance use problems," lead author Francois Poulin, a professor of psychology at the University of Quebec at Montreal, said in a journal news release.
"Boys reported receiving higher levels of emotional support from their other-sex friends, whereas girls receive more support from their same-sex friends," Poulin explained. "It is possible that having other-sex friends is protective for boys because they gain emotional support and are therefore less likely to engage in problem behavior."
Health - Herbal Derivative Wins Praise as Malaria Treatment
Artesunate should replace quinine as the drug of choice for treating malaria, according to an updated review of clinical trial results.
Derived from herbs used in Chinese medicine, artesunate was found to be more effective at preventing death in people with severe malaria.
The review, published in the Cochrane Library, includes the findings of a large study of African children published last year in The Lancet and eight other clinical trials, all together involving 1,664 adults and 5,765 children from a number of areas in Africa and Asia.
The updated review shows that using artesunate to treat people with severe malaria reduces the risk for death by 39 percent in adults and 24 percent in children, compared with quinine. In adults, deaths fell from 241 per 1,000 with quinine to 147 with artesunate. In children, deaths were reduced from 108 per 1,000 with quinine to 83 with artesunate.
Neurological problems were more common among children given artesunate than among those who were given quinine, but most of the problems were resolved within a month of treatment and were outweighed by the increase in survival rates, the researchers said.
"The balance of benefits and harms is in favor of treatment with artesunate," David Sinclair, of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in England, who led the review team, said in a Cochrane news release.
Peter Olumese, of the World Health Organization's Global Malaria Program, said in the news release that sufficient evidence now exists "to be confident of these results" and that "intravenous artesunate is now being recommended as the treatment of choice for adults and children with severe malaria anywhere in the world."
Monday, March 28, 2011
Health - Gender May Play Role in Psych Symptoms in Kids With Epilepsy
Children with epilepsy are at increased risk for psychiatric symptoms and gender may play a role in the types of psychiatric problems they develop, a new study has found.
Researchers analyzed data from 14,699 Norwegian children, aged 8 to 13, and found that 111 children (0.8 percent) had epilepsy. The children with the seizure disorder had a much higher rate of psychiatric symptoms (38 percent) than healthy children (17 percent).
In general, boys were at higher risk of psychiatric symptoms than girls, not only among children with epilepsy, but also among those without the disorder, according to the report published online March 25 in the journal Epilepsia.
However, while previous research has found that children with epilepsy are at greater risk than other children for anxiety, depression and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, the new study found that there were differences in the types of psychiatric problems boys and girls developed. For example, boys had more hyperactivity, inattention problems and peer-relationship issues, while girls had more emotional problems, the study authors noted.
In addition to epilepsy, other risk factors for psychiatric symptoms in children included low socioeconomic status and having another chronic disease. But the influence of these risk factors differed between boys and girls with epilepsy, the researchers pointed out.
Among girls, having or having had epilepsy was a much stronger risk factor for psychiatric problems. Among boys, low socioeconomic status was almost as strong a risk factor as having epilepsy. The reasons for these differences aren't clear, but a previous study found that girls with epilepsy have a more negative attitude about the disorder than boys with epilepsy.
"Multiple risk factors contribute to the high prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, differently in boys and girls, it seems," lead study author Dr. Kristen Alfstad, of the National Centre for Epilepsy at Oslo University Hospital in Norway, said in a journal news release. "Identifying high-risk groups may help clinicians who can implement interventions that prevent more serious psychiatric problems."
Health - Alcohol May Play Dual Role in Some Cases of Elder Abuse
Seniors who suffer elder abuse are more likely to be women, to have a neurological or mental disorder and to abuse drugs or alcohol, new research indicates.
In the study, researchers examined medical record data from two Chicago-area trauma units and compared 41 cases of elder abuse with a random set of patients over age 60 (control group) who were treated between 1999 and 2006.
The analysis revealed that 29 percent of abuse victims tested positive for alcohol, compared to 13 percent of the control group. "Past studies have shown that alcohol abuse by the perpetrator plays a substantial role and is strongly associated with physical abuse," lead study author Lee Friedman, assistant professor of environmental and occupational health sciences at the University of Illinois at Chicago, said in a university news release. "Our findings indicate that alcohol abuse among the victims may be an important contributing factor as well."
In addition, the abuse victims were also more likely to have pre-existing medical conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, mental illness, alcohol abuse and heart disease, the investigators found.
Compared to patients in the control group, abuse victims had more severe injuries, higher in-hospital death rates, longer stays in the hospital, and were more likely to be admitted to intensive care units.
After treatment, 20 of the abuse victims returned to the setting where the abuse occurred. In most cases, the perpetrator of the abuse had been arrested, but 17 percent of the victims said they wanted to return to that person and not to press charges. Family members or intimate partners were the perpetrators in 85 percent of the cases, according to the report published in the March issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
The researchers also found that most abuse cases weren't identified until after the patient had been admitted or had spent several days in hospital. This failure of medical staff to recognize cases of abuse and to contact adult protective services in the majority of cases shows that health professionals need to improve their understanding of elder abuse, Friedman pointed out.
Health - Nicotine Raises Blood Sugar Levels
Smoking is damaging to everyone's health, but the nicotine in cigarettes may be even more deadly for people who have diabetes.
In lab experiments, researchers discovered that nicotine raised blood sugar levels, and the more nicotine that was present, the higher the blood sugar levels were. Higher blood sugar levels are linked to an increased risk of complications from diabetes, such as eye and kidney disease.
"Smoking is really harmful for diabetics. It's even more harmful to them than to a non-diabetic," said study author Xiao-Chuan Liu, an associate professor in the department of chemistry at California State Polytechnic University in Pomona. "This study should encourage diabetics to quit smoking completely, and to realize that it's the nicotine that's raising [blood sugar levels]."
For that reason, it's also important to limit the use of nicotine replacement products, such as nicotine patches, Liu said.
"If you're using them for a short period of time to quit smoking, that's OK. But, if you still have this addiction to nicotine and are using this product long-term, it will do harm. Don't use electronic cigarettes or nicotine gum for a long time. You need to stop nicotine intake," he advised.
Liu is scheduled to present his findings Sunday at an American Chemical Society meeting in Anaheim, Calif.
It was already well-established that smoking increased the risk of problems in people with diabetes, Liu said. What hasn't been clear, he said, is if there is a specfic component of cigarettes that increases the risk.
To test whether or not nicotine, an addictive substance found in cigarette smoke, contributed to higher blood sugar levels, Liu and his colleagues added equal amounts of glucose (sugar) to samples of human red blood cells. They also added varying levels of nicotine to each sample of red blood cells for either one day or two days.
They then tested the hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels of the samples. HbA1C is a measure of what percentage of red blood cells have glucose molecules attached to them. In diabetes management, the HbA1C -- sometimes referred to just as A1C -- test gives doctors an idea of average blood sugar levels for the past three months or so. Most people with diabetes strive for a level of 7 percent or less, based on American Diabetes Association guidelines.
The researchers found that nicotine raised HbA1C. The smallest dose increased HbA1C levels by 8.8 percent. The highest dose -- after two days of nicotine treatment -- increased blood sugar levels by 34.5 percent.
"Nicotine is a toxic substance, and our results show that nicotine caused an increase in HbA1C," said Liu. "This is important for the public to know, and for smokers to know. It's not just the cigarette smoke. If you think you can just use a nicotine replacement product indefinitely, there's still a risk, and your chances of getting complications will be a lot higher," he cautioned.
Dr. Joel Zonszein, director of the Clinical Diabetes Center at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City, said that the researchers showed that nicotine can significantly raise A1C levels in the lab, but it's important to also know if it does so in the body.
But whether or not nicotine is the specific reason that blood sugar levels are higher in smokers, he said, "Everybody -- whether they have diabetes or not -- should stop smoking. Patients with diabetes already have a much higher risk of cardiovascular disease, and smoking adds to that."
He said that using nicotine replacement products for a month or two is fine. "If nicotine replacement is used for a short period of time with smoking cessation as the goal, there's no risk. But it's not OK if someone plans to replace smoking with nicotine replacement products indefinitely," said Zonszein.
Health - Poor Eating Habits May Lead to Anemia in Older Women
A poor diet is associated with a greater risk of developing anemia among postmenopausal women, a new study has found.
Researchers analyzed data from 72,833 older women in the United States and found that deficiencies in more than a single nutrient were associated with a 21 percent increased risk of persistent anemia. Risk increased 44 percent with deficiencies in three nutrients.
Women with anemia consumed less protein, folate, vitamin B12, iron, vitamin C and red meat than did others, the study found. The results are published in the April issue of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association.
Inadequate nutrient intake was less frequent among whites than in other racial or ethnic groups: 7.4 percent, compared with 14.6 percent of Asian/Pacific Islanders, 15.2 percent of Native Americans/Alaskans, 15.3 percent of blacks and 16.3 percent of Hispanics.
The researchers also found that the use of multivitamin and mineral supplements was not associated with lower rates of anemia. Age, body mass index and smoking were associated with anemia.
Anemia has been linked to an increased risk of death and, "anemia, particularly iron deficiency, has been associated with reduced capacity for physical work and physical inactivity, injury related to falls and hospitalizations, making this an important health-care concern in the aging," lead investigator Cynthia A. Thomson, associate professor of nutritional sciences at the University of Arizona in Tucson, said in a journal news release.
"Efforts to identify anemia that may be responsive to modifiable factors, such as diet to improve health outcomes, are needed," the researchers concluded. "Additional efforts to regularly evaluate postmenopausal women for anemia should be considered and should be accompanied by an assessment of dietary intake to determine adequacy of intake of anemia-associated nutrients, including iron, vitamin B12 and folate," they wrote.
"While the type of anemia is often designated by a more comprehensive biochemical assessment than hemoglobin alone, nutritional therapy to improve overall nutrient-density and quality of the diet should also be a clinical focus," Thomson and colleagues said.
Health - Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Linked to Behavior Problems in Teens
Teens whose mothers drank alcohol regularly throughout the first trimester of pregnancy have a threefold increased risk of developing severe behavior problems, a new study warns.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Medical Center analyzed data collected from 592 children and their mothers. The mothers were evaluated when four and seven months pregnant and shortly after childbirth and then, along with their children, when the children were 8 months old, 18 months old and 3, 6, 10, 14 and 16 years old.
The quantity, frequency and patterns of alcohol use -- including beer, wine and liquor -- by the women during pregnancy were summarized as average daily alcohol consumption.
When the children were 16 years old, those whose mothers had consumed, on average, one or more alcoholic drinks a day in the first trimester of pregnancy were three times more likely to meet the criteria for conduct disorder than were teens whose mothers had consumed less than one drink a day or no alcohol at all, the investigators found.
Conduct disorder refers to a pattern of serious behavior problems that last for more than a year and includes, according to the researchers, such things as property destruction, aggression toward people and animals, dishonesty or theft, and serious rule violations.
The study is published in the March issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
"From a clinical perspective, prenatal alcohol exposure should be considered as another risk for conduct disorder. The next steps in research should be to define the interactions between prenatal exposures, environmental factors and heritability. This would allow a more complete picture of the relations between prenatal alcohol exposure and conduct disorder," concluded Cynthia A. Larkby, of the University of Pittsburgh, and colleagues.
Health - Walking Helps You Stay Healthier
The American Podiatric Medical Association discusses a great form of exercise that requires no special skill, no membership at the local gym, and no special equipment: walking.
The group says the "anybody-can-do-this" activity offers these benefits:
- Better circulation and a stronger heart and lungs.
- Reduced risk of stroke and heart attack.
- Reduced likelihood of high blood pressure or obesity.
- Improved cholesterol numbers.
- Stronger muscles and better tone in the legs and abdominal area.
- Reduced tension and stress.
- Better management of arthritis pain, and improved prevention of bone decay.
Health - Why Baby Gets Diaper Rash
A baby's sensitive bottom may develop a rash from sitting too long in a soiled diaper. But that's not the only trigger that can cause the problem.
Additional factors that may contribute to diaper rash:
Additional factors that may contribute to diaper rash:
- Frequent bowel movements or diarrhea.
- Use of an antibiotic.
- Irritation cause by ammonia, a byproduct of urine as it breaks down.
- Wearing diapers that don't fit properly and rub against the skin.
- Having a reaction to a cleaning product for cloth diapers.
Saturday, March 26, 2011
Strange, Serving Boiling Eggs in Urine
At first glance there's nothing strange of serving the community mainstay Dongyang, China. Everyone can easily call it hard-boiled egg. Strange taste mingled with disgust may only emerge after hearing the story behind its processing.
Local people call it 'tong zi and' or 'boy egg'. It refers typical boiled eggs in the urine boys, not boiling water.
Lu Ming, reliable chef there, saying, 'boy egg' into the traditional food that the local community flourished for thousands of years ago. In 2008, this dish is even included in the list of cultural heritage are preserved.
In the past, 'boy egg' becomes a special dish each spring. Local people make it as a healthy delicious meals. A number of traditional health experts in China agree that the nutrient content of urine will increase the nutritional value of eggs.
Lu Ming said that the quality of the best urine came from a boy aged under 10 years old. This is related to the diet of children who tend to be still healthy. "We collected urine from schools in containers that we have prepared every heart," he said.
Preparation of this egg takes a long time. First, raw eggs soaked in a container of urine. Once submerged perfect, the container heated to boiling urine. The maximum temperature, the eggs usually will crack so that urine will seep into it. Once cooked, let the eggs submerged in urine for one day.
Lu Sun really wanted to share the taste and nutrition egg into the world. "We encourage the export of eggs, because we want people outside China can fully appreciate the deliciousness of our cuisine," he said.
In the past, 'boy egg' becomes a special dish each spring. Local people make it as a healthy delicious meals. A number of traditional health experts in China agree that the nutrient content of urine will increase the nutritional value of eggs.
Lu Ming said that the quality of the best urine came from a boy aged under 10 years old. This is related to the diet of children who tend to be still healthy. "We collected urine from schools in containers that we have prepared every heart," he said.
Preparation of this egg takes a long time. First, raw eggs soaked in a container of urine. Once submerged perfect, the container heated to boiling urine. The maximum temperature, the eggs usually will crack so that urine will seep into it. Once cooked, let the eggs submerged in urine for one day.
Lu Sun really wanted to share the taste and nutrition egg into the world. "We encourage the export of eggs, because we want people outside China can fully appreciate the deliciousness of our cuisine," he said.
Wednesday, March 23, 2011
How to Organize Start Up in Windows
Managing start up will optimize windows when it starts for the first time. Follow these steps to optimize windows start up.
1. click start - run
2. type msconfig in the blank column
3. after that, unchecked unwanted applications , click ok
1. click start - run
2. type msconfig in the blank column
3. after that, unchecked unwanted applications , click ok
Saturday, March 19, 2011
Several Things to Be Approved by Google Adsense
Many people very confused why Google AdSense did not approve their blog. This will make them very disappointed eventhough already try many times. These some tips for a blog that it want to be approved.
- Write minimum two articles in English
- Write original article by yourself (avoid copy paste article)
- Upload some pictures (including your own photo)
- Use minimum outbound link
How to Buy Perfect Laptop
In this modern era, many people choose laptop to help finishing the job. But in this chase, laptop needs some specific criteria for us to do the best. Below some simple ways to buy it.
- Only choose laptop for daily need
- Think what content do you want for your need (gaming or design graphic)
- Check the processor (it should be core2duo or above to be better)
- Check the ram (i suggest 1gb or above)
- Check the feature of the laptop
Friday, March 18, 2011
MAKE YOUR WINDOWS BECOME ORIGINAL
Do you use windows os ? and you just get the copy of windows?
In this post I want to share how to make your windows becomes original (it work in my windows xp).
ok, let follow these steps :
In this post I want to share how to make your windows becomes original (it work in my windows xp).
ok, let follow these steps :
- Check the originality of your windows by using Microsoft Genuine Advantage Diagnostic Tool.
- Reinstal your computer and enter one of this serial number
Thursday, March 17, 2011
INCREASING YOUR BLOG TRAFFIC
Several days ago, i got some informations from my friend how to increase blog traffic by using BLOGUPP. After that, i visited blogupp.com. It was easy steps to register our blog to this web. Just filled the blank space with your blog link, click get Widget! and then waited till it had approved. After that copied the code to our blog. finish :-) .
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